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标题: [转帖]正说石榴石[专业鉴定] [打印本页]

作者: 14号精灵    时间: 2006-5-16 08:56
标题: [转帖]正说石榴石[专业鉴定]
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴石,也叫石榴子石。作为一个矿物族的总称,其英文</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Garnet</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,源自拉丁语</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Granatum</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,意思是</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">粒状、象种子一样</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。据英文音译,国内少数人也称之为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">加内石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中文名字石榴石,形象地刻划了这个矿物外观特征,从形状到颜色都象石榴中的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">籽</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相传,石榴树来自安息国,史称</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">安息榴</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,简称</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">息榴</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,并转音为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。我国珠宝界,石榴石的工艺名</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">紫牙乌</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">牙乌</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">雅姑</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">源自阿拉伯语</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Yakut(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宝石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,又因石榴石常呈紫红色,故名紫牙乌。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">数<a class="ReplaceKeyword" href="http://2096.hot.taobao.com/" target="_blank"><font color="#1b83dc">千年</font></a>来,石榴石被认为是<a class="ReplaceKeyword" href="http://2145.hot.taobao.com/" target="_blank"><font color="#1b83dc">信仰</font></a>、坚贞和纯朴的象征。人们愿意拥有、佩戴并崇拜它,不仅是因为它的美学装饰价值,更重要的是人们相信宝石具有一种不可思议的神奇力量,使人逢凶化吉、遇难呈祥,可以永保荣誉地位,并具有重要的纪念功能。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">现今,石榴石作为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月诞生石,象征着忠实、友爱和贞洁。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4010_1704010.jpg" border="0" alt=""/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">成套的石榴石</span></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4018_1704018.jpg" border="0" alt=""/></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">红色的石榴石戒面</span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><strong>石榴石的品种</strong></span></font></p></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴石是一个地球上常见的矿物族,成分具有较复杂的变化。其化学通式写作</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">A<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>[SiO<sub>4</sub>]<sub>3</sub></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">A</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">B</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">位置都可以出现几种主要离子,而且每个位置上的离子可以互相替代形成类质同象混晶,也可称固溶体。矿物学中,将石榴石分成两打系列:即:</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">①镁铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">锰铝榴石;铝榴石系列,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">B</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">位置为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Al</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">②钙铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铁榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铬榴石;钙榴石系列,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">A</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">位置为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Ca</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宝石学沿用了矿物学的分类方案。需要指出的是,自然界产出的石榴石基本都不会是纯的上述</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">个端员,而是它们之间的混合,只是哪一种端员分子含量超过</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">50%</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,即用哪一个端员的名字。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font>&nbsp;</p></span><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51257_1351257.jpg" border="0" alt=""/><font face="宋体">各种石榴石</font></p><p>&nbsp;</p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51256_1351256.jpg" border="0" alt=""/> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">铁铝榴石</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51255_1351255.jpg" border="0" alt=""/> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">绿色钙铝榴石</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51261_1351261.jpg" border="0" alt=""/> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">钙铁榴石</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51322_1351322.jpg" border="0" alt=""/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">锰铝榴石</font></span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、铁铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(almandine</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">或</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">almandite)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石是自然界中最常见的石榴石种属。一般呈暗红、褐红色到深紫红色。</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">almandite</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">来源于拉丁语</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">alabandine</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。因哲学家普林尼</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(Pliny)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在亚洲的一个城市</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Alabanda</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">发现石榴石而得名。美国的宝石学家经常称其为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">almandite</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,而矿物学家常用</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">almandine</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。铁铝榴石也常称之贵榴石、紫牙乌。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石一个独特的变种,含有相当多的似针状包体,切割称腰圆形戒面时,可显星光效应。可以有</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">射星光,也可以有</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">射、甚至</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">射星光。</span><font face="Times New Roman"></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、镁铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(pyrope)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span><font face="Times New Roman">pyrope</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">来自希腊文</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">pyropos</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,意思是</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">火</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">—</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">般的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">或</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">象火一样</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。高质量的镁铝榴石,包裹体少,颜色趋向纯红色,很少带褐色。因此镁铝榴石比铁铝榴石更可能与红宝石混淆。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石和镁铝榴石,质量好时,肉眼与红宝石很相似,历史上有不少错误的描述,如称为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">"Colorado</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">红宝石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">好望角红宝石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">及</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">亚利桑那红宝石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">等等。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、镁铁榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(rhodolite)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">镁铁榴石,我国有人称之为玫瑰榴石。其颜色象盛开杜鹃花的颜色,因颜色而得名。英文是从希腊文</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“rose”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">演变而来。镁铁榴石是铁铝榴石和镁铝榴石间的过渡品种。外表上它既不同于带有红紫到紫红色的,也不同于深红并且较为透明的那种色调。需要注意的是,只有具备近似盛开杜鹃花的颜色者,才可称为镁铁榴石。这种讨人喜欢的宝石,类似于从带紫色的红宝石到葡萄色的蓝宝石的颜色。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、锰铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(spessartite</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">或</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">spessartine)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">其英文由产地</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Spessartbavaria</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">而得名。颜色从黄</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">黄到桔黄红,也有桔黄褐色和带红褐色者。有些颜色与桂榴石类似。但锰铝榴石一般比桂榴石更具桔黄色到红色。宝石级锰铝榴石,常常接近桔黄色,相当罕见。美国国家自然历史博物馆藏有一颗黄色、重</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">质地好的锰铝榴石,产于巴西。此外还有一粒重</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">96ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,呈云雾状。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、钙铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(grossularite)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">英文来自拉丁文</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">resembling a gooseberry(“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">绿色的水果</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">之意</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。据考证,钙铝榴石早在</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">16</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪就有文字记载,但直到</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1974</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年才被普遍地应用。它</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">—</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">旦出现在市场上,它的颜色、魅力和似玉般的韧性,就受到人们的喜爱,特别是亚洲人。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铝榴石颜色变化比其它石榴石要丰富。钙铝榴石中最漂亮的是翠绿色的。我国</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1987</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年曾有人当翡翠进口过。产自坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚国家公园之间,优质钙铝榴石近于翠榴石。钙铝榴石之所以有这么好的绿色,可能与它含钒及铬有关。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">桂榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(hessonite)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">:有人称之为红榴石、肉桂石及铁钙铝榴石,是钙铝榴石与铁铝榴石间的过渡品种。透明,带褐黄色,具有天然黄玉的丰富多彩的颜色,光泽好,具有特征的油脂状或糖浆状效应。世界上最好的一颗桂榴石现存美国国家自然历史博物馆,是一个雕刻的基督头像,重</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">61.5ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、钙铁榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(andradite)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以葡萄牙矿物学家</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">J·B·Danradaesilva</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的名字命名,他一个世纪以前就研究石榴石。钙铁榴石中最重要的宝石品种是翠榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(demantoid)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,色泽非常好,绿中微显黄,近于祖母绿。翠榴石英文来自老的德文</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">demant</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,意为金刚石,所以这么称呼是由于它有较高的色散和光泽。优质翠榴石质地清澈,色泽鲜明,翠绿中略呈微黄,原因是其结构中含有微量的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Cr</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">代替了</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Fe</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。它具有特征的</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">马尾状包体</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,滤色镜下呈粉红色。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">翠榴石一般粒度小,能达到戒面大小极为罕见,超过</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">10ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的就更少了。曾有一不寻常的<a class="ReplaceKeyword" href="http://1290.hot.taobao.com/" target="_blank"><font color="#1b83dc">项链</font></a>在欧洲出现过,上面镶有</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">颗大翠榴石,其中</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">颗都超过</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">10ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,一个超过</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">14ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,另外</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">颗都超过</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">12ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,这些罕见的大宝石被卖给了博物馆。另据报道,一颗</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">18ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的翠榴石,曾经出现在纽约市场上。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铁榴石的另一个变种叫黄榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(topazolite)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,这一矿物许多矿物学教材都曾提到过,但很少达到宝石级。因为它的粒度比翠榴石还小。它可显示猫眼效应。另一变种叫黑榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(melanite)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,黑色,偶尔用来代替黑色缟玛瑙或煤精</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">除此之外,就无宝石价值了。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、钙铬榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(uvarovite)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铬榴石相当漂亮.但是太稀少了,不能成为重要宝石。其颗粒也很小。它是根据一位俄国国家科学院院长</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">S</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">S</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Uvarrov</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">伯爵的名字命名的。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、水钙铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(hydrogrossular)</font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">•<span></span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">半透明、绿色,有时呈白色或亮红色。显微镜下观察,它含有细小的黑色磁铁矿或铬铁矿包体。有人称之为非洲玉。由于含水,其折射率</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(1.72~1.73)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和比重</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(3.15)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">比钙铝榴石低。中国的青海翠、乌兰翠就是水钙铝榴石为主要组分颜色,有人用来冒充翡翠。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">9</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、变色石榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font color="#000000">•<span>&nbsp;</span></font></font></span></span><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">具有迷人的变色效应,日光下蓝绿色,白炽灯下略带紫的红色。成分为镁铝</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">锰铝榴石,变色效应是因含微量</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">V2O5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">Cr2O3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">引起。比重</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">3.88</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,折射率</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.765</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font>&nbsp;</p><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴石的宝石学特征</span><span> </span></font></b></p><font color="#000000"><span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">石榴石各品种成分差异较大,物理性质也有较大差异。其共同特征如下。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">晶系及形态:等轴晶系</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">均质体</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。理想形态为菱形十二面体,四角三八面体或两者聚形。见图。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51323_1351323.jpg" border="0" alt=""/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">晶体形态</font></span></p></span></font></span></font></span><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51323_1351323.jpg" border="0" alt=""/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">晶体形态</font></span><p><a href="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51324_1351324.jpg"></a>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_2_16_51324_1351324.jpg" border="0" alt=""/></p><p><a href="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4009_1704009.jpg"></a>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4009_1704009.jpg" border="0" alt=""/></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4004_1704004.jpg" border="0" alt=""/></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">石榴石晶体</font></span></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4005_1704005.jpg"></a></span>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4005_1704005.jpg" border="0" alt=""/></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">翠榴石晶体</span></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">解理、断口及韧性:无解理;贝壳状断口;韧性好。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">透明度和光泽:透明到不透明;玻璃光泽到亚金刚光泽。端面可见油脂光泽到玻璃光泽。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">奇异现象:铁铝榴石有星光现象,部分石榴石偶见变色效应。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">紫外荧光:近无色到浅色透明的钙铝榴石,长波下显弱桔红荧光,短波下显弱的桔黄色。除此,其它品种均均迟钝或没有反应。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">滤色镜下:翠榴石呈亮红色。所有红色石榴石均呈暗红色。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">稳定性:高热下</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宝石喷灯或吹管前</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多数石榴石可熔化,只有钙铬榴石几乎不熔。温度突然变化时,比其它宝石更容易破裂。钙铁榴石长时间浸在浓酸中,可稍稍有点反应,其它各品中无反应。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span><font face="Times New Roman"></font></font>&nbsp;</p></span>
作者: 14号精灵    时间: 2006-5-16 08:57
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><strong>各种石榴石的组分特征对比表</strong></span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p><table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="558" border="0" style="WIDTH: 418.3pt; mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: #FFFFCC; mso-border-style-alt: solid;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">品种</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">镁铝榴石</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">铁铝榴石</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">锰铝榴石</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">钙铝榴石</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">钙铁榴石</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-color-alt: #FFFFCC; mso-border-style-alt: solid;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">钙铬榴石</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 27pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">化学式</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Mg3A12[Si04]3</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Fe3A12[Si04]3</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Mn3A12[Si04]3</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ca3A12[Si04]3</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ca3Fe2[Si04]3</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ca3Cr2[Si04]3</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 27pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">颜色</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">红、紫红、黄红</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">褐红、暗红、紫红</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">黄橙、橙红</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">褐黄、黄、黄绿、绿</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">黄绿、翠绿、黑</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">绿</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">硬度</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">7.25</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">7.5</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">7.25</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">7.25</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">6.5</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">7~7.5</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">比重</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">3.7~3.8</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">3.8~4.2</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">4.16</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">3.60~3.70</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">3.85</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">3.77</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 27pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">折射率</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.74~1.76</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.76~1.81</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.80~1.82</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.73~1.76</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.89</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 27pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">1.87</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">色散</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中等,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.022</font></span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中等,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.024</font></span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中等,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.027</font></span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中等,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.028</font></span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">高,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.057</font></span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">-</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 60pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">吸收光谱</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">黄绿为中心宽吸收带,紫区普遍吸收,含铬红区有弱双线</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">黄、绿、蓝绿区</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">条强吸收带,橙、蓝区各一弱带</span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">紫区</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">条极强带</span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">非特征吸收谱</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">翠榴石紫区强吸收带切断短波区,富铬红区可见双线</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 60pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">具铬吸收谱</font></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 82.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td valign="top" width="17" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 12.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: #FFFFCC; mso-border-style-alt: solid;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">包裹体</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">针状晶体含量较少</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 66.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">典型针状金红石晶体,同一平面内相交</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">70</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">100</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">°</span></span><span><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,其它晶体及应力裂纹</span></font></p></td><td valign="top" width="94" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 70.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">不规则,碎裂纹、液滴及羽状体</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="90" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 67.45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">大量圆形包裹体及糖浆状效应,黑色磁铁矿,视亚种不同而变化</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="87" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #FFFFCC 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid #FFFFCC .75pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">马尾丝状石棉包裹体</font></span></p></td><td valign="top" width="88" style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ffffcc 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffcc 1pt solid; WIDTH: 65.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffcc 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 82.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-color-alt: #FFFFCC; mso-border-style-alt: solid;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">宝石晶体小而罕见</font></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p></p></span>
作者: 14号精灵    时间: 2006-5-16 08:59
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><strong>石榴石的鉴别</strong></span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">概述</span><span> <p>&nbsp;</p></span></font></b></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">原石鉴别比较容易,通常由其颜色、晶体形态、光泽、硬度都能较容易地识别来识别。还拿不准时,可测比重、观察包体特征或用分光镜检查特征光谱等来确定。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">成品鉴定可通过肉眼观察宝石的光泽、火彩及颜色特征、测定宝石偏光性</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">注意石榴石常见的异常消光</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、部分品种</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">镁铝、钙铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的折射率、检查吸收光谱、放大观察包裹体等来进行。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">经琢磨后石榴石强的玻璃光泽会表现得更为明显,各品种的颜色不尽相同,如镁铝榴石常呈玫瑰红色或亮红色,铁铝榴石显示褐红色或暗红色,锰铝榴石则是典型的似桔子皮的桔黄色,翠榴石为明亮的黄绿色,色散强。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">镁铝、铁铝、锰铝、翠榴石等品种均有特征吸收谱,一旦观察到,则能快速确定一些石榴石品种。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">包裹体上,铁铝榴石常有三个方向的针状金红石以及由应力裂纹包围的晶体;钙铝榴石内部有大量的圆形晶体包裹体以及糖浆旋涡状结构;锰铝榴石具有</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">撕碎状</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的由液滴组成的羽状体;翠榴石包裹体则由细的、弯曲的黄褐色石棉丝构成,排列呈</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">马尾状</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">或放射状。这些典型包裹体的存在对品种的确定具有重要意义,同时还可为区分其它有相似外观的宝石或一些合成品提供依据。</span></font></p><p style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_4003_1704003.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/></span></span></font></p><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石中的针状金红石包体</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">此外,紫外荧光、滤色镜检查及对未镶嵌的较大颗粒测定比重,均有助于石榴石品种的确定。如所有带红色调的石榴石在长、短波紫外荧光灯下均无荧光反应,绿色品种的钙铁榴石、钙铝榴石在滤色镜下均呈粉红色或红色。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">日常鉴定过程中并不一定严格按这些步骤进行,往往选定几项关键性的测试即可。少数情况下因样品的特殊性,如果常规鉴定仪器还不能解决问题,则应求助于其它大型仪器。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">石榴石与其它相似宝石的区分十分重要。</font></span></p></span></span></font></span>
作者: 14号精灵    时间: 2006-5-16 09:05
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相似宝石及鉴别</span><span> </span></font></b></p><font color="#000000"><span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与镁铝榴石、铁铝榴石相似的有红色尖晶石、红宝石、褐红色锆石。红色尖晶石折射率低于</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.73</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,内部有八面体状的尖晶石包裹体,特征的铬吸收光谱,在滤色镜下及紫外灯下均显示红色荧光。红宝石是非均质体,具二色性,折射率为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.762~1.770</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,具典型吸收光谱、紫外光下具红色荧光。褐红色锆石为非均质体,色散强,二色性强,双折率大,有双影,强荧光效应,特征的吸收谱。另外锆石脆性很大,边棱磨损厉害。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与锰铝榴石外观相似的宝石为火欧泊和硅镁石。火欧泊常为半透明一微透明,非晶质,比重极低</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">约</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">2.0)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,掂有轻飘感,折射率约</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.40</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。硅镁石非均质,明显二色性</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">金黄</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">~</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">无色</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,折射率低</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(1.607~1.656)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,比重小</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(3.1~3.2)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">同绿色钙铝榴石相似的有祖母绿、铬透辉石、电气石,但它们均属非均质,多色性明显,折射率均比石榴石低,并且具不同的双折率值及比重。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">符山石玉和钠黝帘石岩与块状水钙铝榴石相似,常规宝石检测手段区分它们比较困难,往往要结合其它测试方法。但钠黝帘石岩的折射率比水钙铝榴石低,约</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.60~1.70</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。另外,水钙铝榴石的明显特点是在</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">X</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">射线下发出橙黄色荧光,其它材料不显这种效应。如果是单晶符山石则较容易区分。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">同钙铁榴石相似的天然宝石有绿色钻石、绿色低型锆石、榍石等。绿色钻石、绿色锆石与翠榴石相似。但钻石具强的金刚光泽,不具有翠榴石的典型光谱和包裹体,完美的切工和极高的硬度均是区分的重要依据。锆石的双折射及特征光谱</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(653.5nm</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">吸收线</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">很容易与翠榴石区分开。榍石有时易与黄色石榴石相混,但榍石具有极强的双折射,双影明显,多色性强,并且在</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">580nm</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">处具双吸收线,黄色石榴石不具这些特征。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">玻璃是</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">万能</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宝石仿制品,可以模仿各种颜色的石榴石。但玻璃无天然宝石的晶体包裹体,而常有较长的气泡或旋涡纹,硬度低,约</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">~</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,很难刻划普通玻璃,刻面棱比较圆滑,部分模制品表面有</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">桔子皮</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">效应,折射率常为</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.48</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">~</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">1.70</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,少数玻璃高于此折射率值,具有不同特征元素的吸收谱。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人造石榴石宝石有钇铝榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(Y3Al5012</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">YAG)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和钆镓榴石</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">(Gd3Ga5012</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">GGG)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">两种,但它们并不是作为仿石榴石而生产的。早期用于光学工业材料。用于珠宝行业中,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">YAG</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">原用作祖母绿的仿制品,</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">GGG</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">则用作钻石的仿制品。绿色钇铝榴石有时用来仿高档的翠榴石,但通常钇铝榴石在强光照射下具红色闪光现象,具特征稀土谱以及在长波紫外光下发鲜红荧光等特征能与翠榴石区分开。钆镓榴石以高密度及在紫外光下有橙黄色荧光为特征。</span></font></p><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴石的评价和鉴赏</span><span> </span></font></b></p><font color="#000000"><span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">石榴石以颜色、透明度、净度、重量和切工等方面为其质量评价标准,优良品要求颜色纯正美丽,内部透明洁净,无瑕疵裂纹,切工精良,并且有一定的重量。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(1)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">颜色:颜色要纯正、美丽。品种不同,颜色不同,价值亦大不相同。如罕见的翠榴石、铬钒钙铝榴石等绿色品种如果透明无裂,质优者可与优质祖母绿价值相当;红色镁铝榴石、橙黄色的锰铝榴石、桂榴石亦价值不菲,而褐红、暗红色的铁铝榴石价值较低。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(2)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">透明度:质优者要透明洁净。半透明或色深者常加工为凹弧形以增加透明度。同时对不透明至半透明品种要检查内部包裹体排列情况,看是否可加工为弧面型而呈现出星光效应。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(3)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">净度:要无裂纹、瑕疵,尤其是大量的暗红色铁铝榴石。晶体完整者要注意内部是否有分带结构或夹有黑色不透明团块状包裹体。如越南产出的完好的石榴石晶体仅表皮至薄层透明可以利用,内部黑心为其他杂质矿物。目前国内优质石榴石多为不规则粒状。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(4)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">重量:原料块度越大越好,形状以混圆状为佳,这样可提高加工成品率。对翠榴石、绿色钙铝榴石等高档品种,其价格随重量增加而成倍增长,一般</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">0.5ct</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以上就很有价值;而其他品种的成品其价格随重量不同变化不大,主要是看制作首饰时所需的款式和大小要求而定。但少数罕见的巨大的晶体或成品可视为珍品。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(5)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">切工:要款式新颖,比例得当,抛光良好。不同品种材料要设计为不同的款式。高色散的翠榴石可加工成标准圆钻型,以充分体现其火彩;色浅者可加工为双弧形以增强体色;色深者可加工为凹弧型以减淡颜色,增加透明度;具有多组特殊方向排列的针状包裹体加工为弧面形以显示星光效应。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span><font face="Times New Roman"><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3997_1703997.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3996_1703996.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3991_1703991.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman"><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3995_1703995.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><img alt="yinzhui图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_3_28_17968_1617968.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/></p></span></font></span><font face="Times New Roman"></font></font></span></font>
作者: 14号精灵    时间: 2006-5-16 09:07
<p><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">石榴石的产出与产地</span><span> </span></strong></p><p><span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">石榴石可产在许多类型的岩浆岩及变质岩中,宝石级石榴石矿也有原生矿及砂矿两大类型。不同石榴石品种成因产状不同。</font></span></span></p><p><span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><img alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3989_1703989.jpg" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">东非红石榴石</font></span></font></span></font></span></font></span></span></span></p><span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(1)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">镁铝榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多产于基性</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">-</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">超基性的岩浆岩中,特别是石榴石二辉橄榄岩中。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">镁铝榴石产地广泛,主要产出国有:中国、印度、斯里兰卡、南非、津巴布韦、巴西、澳大利亚、美国、捷克、俄罗斯等。中国的镁铝榴石主要产于云南、江苏、新疆、辽宁和吉林等省,其中云南及江苏产出的质量高,很受市场欢迎。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(2)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">铁铝榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">主要产于区域变质岩中,如石榴石黑云母片麻岩、滑石片岩、黑云母斜长石片麻岩、矽线石石榴石正长石结晶片岩等,在此类变质岩中,晶体发育粗大,内含包裹体较多,质量较差;少数铁铝榴石产于花岗岩及火山岩中。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">铁铝榴石主要产于斯里兰卡、缅甸、印度、越南、巴西、马达加斯加、美国和中国等国家。我国铁铝榴石产于吉林、河北、内蒙、四川等地。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(3)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">锰铝榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">主要产于伟晶岩中,特别是钠长石化伟晶岩。产出国有:斯里兰卡、缅甸、巴西、马达加斯加、美国等。美国加州和马达加斯加的钠锂伟晶岩脉中产优质锰铝榴石。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(4)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铝榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">钙铝榴石几乎都产于酸性火成岩与石灰岩接触处交代形成的矽卡岩中,常产在外接触带。绿色品种的钙铝榴石,致色元素铬离子来源于附近的超镁铁质岩的变质流体中。我国新疆阿尔泰地区发现一种产于伟晶岩中浅绿色的钙铝榴石。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color="#000000">桂榴石主要产于斯里兰卡,少数来自巴西、加拿大。其它品种主要产于肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚、巴基斯坦、南非、新西兰、中国、美国等。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span><font face="Times New Roman">(5)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">钙铁榴石</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">优质品种翠榴石主要产于超基性岩的自变质岩</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">——</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">蛇纹石岩中,宝石赋存于该类岩石内的石棉脉中。黑榴石产于碱性火成岩</span><span><font face="Times New Roman">——</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">霞石正长岩中。目前世界上大部分翠榴石产于俄罗斯的乌拉尔山脉。另外,中国的新疆、西藏地区亦有产出。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><img class="ZoominCursor" alt="石榴石图片" src="http://pic.tiexue.net/pics/2006_4_7_3990_1703990.jpg" width="635" border="0" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 4px;"/></span></span></font></p></span></font></span></font></span></font></span></span></span>
作者: sofia    时间: 2006-7-16 10:42
<p>在水瓶座的神话里,被带上天的那位王子手上戴的正是石榴石的戒指。</p>
作者: 黑色巫女    时间: 2006-7-17 09:18
我想找一块水晶什么样的才好~~~!
作者: 松鼠    时间: 2006-7-18 23:38
<strong><font face="Verdana" color="#da2549">顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶14号精灵</font></strong>
作者: 冻绿    时间: 2006-7-21 21:45

作者: 我不想说    时间: 2006-8-8 12:33
路过&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
作者: evenant    时间: 2006-8-8 16:49
厉害!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
作者: lingyi459    时间: 2006-10-10 10:25
呵呵,好多,谢了




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